Patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA) is a burdensome condition that is present in up to 40% of individuals with knee pain. Compared to the more widely investigated tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (TFOA), PFOA has a higher incidence in individuals aged 50 years and above, results in more pain, stiffness, and functional impairments, and can affect individuals as young as 26. The pain that accompanies PFOA is associated with physical activity limitations and reduced quality of life, and, therefore, a likely reduction in occupational capacity.

Rearfoot ulceration is a pinnacle of complexity in diabetic limb salvage. It is a perverse pathology reserved for those with the most severe systemic illnesses. An unfortunate outcome of a merciless disease, heel ulceration afflicts our most brittle patients. It debilitates them while systemic manifestations work their way from accessory limitations to end-stage organ failure. Multifaceted barriers to intervention often build upon each other to block healing. Stopping the process before it robs patients of life and limb is crucial, but has challenged surgeons for decades.

Lowest rerupture rates were found in strict functional rehabilitation protocols that were full weightbearing in boot immediately at full equinus or 30° plantar flexed. They started active range of motion at 5 to 8 weeks and started formal physical therapy at 10 weeks.

A new study shows that young children with limb loss will use and benefit from prosthetic knee flexion and extension, if it is available to them. The study counters the current standard of care that uses a stiff prothesis with no knee bend because conventional wisdom promoted that stiff legs were better at developing neuromuscular stability.

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