1555: The Protestant martyrs Bishop Hugh Latimer and Bishop Nicholas Ridley are burned at the stake for heresy in England.
1701: Yale University is founded as The Collegiate School of Killingworth, Connecticut by Congregationalists who consider Harvard too liberal.
1793: Queen Marie Antoinette is beheaded by guillotine during the French Revolution.
1901: President Theodore Roosevelt incites controversy by inviting black leader Booker T. Washington to the White House.
1908: The first airplane flight in England is made at Farnborough by Samuel Cody, a U.S. citizen.
1934: Mao Tse-tung decides to abandon his base in Jiangxi, China, due to attacks from Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalists. With his pregnant wife and about 30,000 Red Army troops, he sets out on the “Long March.”
1940: Benjamin O. Davis becomes the U.S. Army’s first African-American brigadier general.
1946: Ten Nazi war criminals are hanged in Nuremberg, Germany.
1973: Israeli General Ariel Sharon crosses the Suez Canal and begins to encircle two Egyptian armies.
1995: The Million Man March for "A Day of Atonement" takes place in Washington, D.C.
1998: General Augusto Pinochet, the former dictator of Chile, is arrested in London for extradition on murder charges.