China Log and Lumber Imports Down, Russia and New Zealand Suppliers Hit Hardest
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During the past decade, China's fast expanding economy and boom in housing starts lifted the country to being the world's largest importer of sawlogs and the second largest importer of softwood lumber, after the U.S., according to the Wood Resource Quarterly (WRQ), Seattle, Wash., USA. China has increased the importation of logs and lumber practically every year for more than 10 years, with lumber imports in 2011 being 15 times higher than in 2001 and log imports being up three-fold from 10 years ago.
The total value of China's imported logs and lumber increased from $630 million dollars in 2001 to almost $8 billion dollars last year. This constant upward trend in importation came to a halt in late 2011 when construction activities slowed and inventories of logs and lumber at many Chinese ports reached very high levels. As a result of lower demand for wood products, softwood log import volumes during the first three months of 2012 were down 11% from the same period last year, WRQ notes.
Log shipments from the two largest supplying countries, Russia and New Zealand, have declined by 16% and 17%, respectively, from a year ago. However, not all log suppliers to China have been hit by the reduced log demand in the country. Both Canada and the U.S. have increased exports dramatically the past few years, and this trend continued into the first quarter of 2012, when exports from Western Canada were up 23% from 1Q/11 and U.S. shipments were 2% higher than in early 2011.
North American log exporters have gained considerable market shares since 2009 when about 1 million cubic meters of softwood logs were shipped, which accounted for only 5% of the total imports to China. In 2011, the volume reached a new high of 7.1 million cubic meters, which was 22% of all imported logs to the country last year, WRQ reports. Softwood lumber imports have shown a similar trend to that of logs, it adds. In 1Q/12, North American softwood lumber accounted for as much as 55% of all imports, up from only 25% in 2007.
China is likely to continue to rely heavily on North America for particularly lumber but also increasingly for logs over the next few years. When the U.S. housing market, and as a consequence, lumber demand, eventually improve, available wood supply will tighten and costs for logs and lumber are likely to go up. This expected scenario may change how China sources logs and lumber in the future, WRQ says.
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